Crankcase compression supercharger for engines



Jan. 13, 1948. I BRQWN 2,434,348

CRANKCASE COMPRESSION SUPERCHARGER FOR ENGINES Filed Jan. 9, 1946 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 Will: NH

ATTORNEYS Jan. 13, 1948. G. H. BROWN ,3

CRANKCASB COMPRESSION SUPERCHARGER FOR ENGINES Filed Jan. 9, 1946 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 ATTORNEYS.

Patented Jan; 13, 1948 CRANKCASE COMPRESSION surna- CHARGER FOR enemas George H. Brown, Danbury, Conn. Application January 9, 1946, Serial No. 639,943

7 Claims. (Cl. 123-73) tinuous and better operation of the engine; and t more specifically, to provide an improved supercharger which is built into the engine as an integral part thereof.

Another object is to provide an engine of this character with the improvements suggested, but in which they are securedwith a very simple construction and arrangement, and one which will operate effectively and indefinitely without getting out of order.

With the foregoing and other objects in view, I have devised the construction illustrated in the accompanying drawing forming a part of this specification. It is, however, to be understood the invention is not lmited to the specific details of construction and arrangement shown, but may embody various changes and modifications within the scope of the invention.

In these drawings:

Fig. 1 is a longitudinal section through my improved motor;

Fig. 2 is a transverse section substantially on the line 2-2 of Fig. 1, but showing the piston and the connecting rod in elevation, and

Fig. 3 is a side elevation of the motor on a smaller scale.

This motor or engine operates on the two-cycle principle, and comprises a cylinder including the cylinder head 5, a cylinder jacket 6 provided with cooling ribs or fins I, and a cylinder sleeve 8. Operating in this cylinder is a piston 9 having the usual expansion rings l and a depending h'ollow skirt I I, and carrying the usual wrist pin l2. Below the cylinder and connected therewith is a crank case l3 from one side of which projects the crank shaft l4. This crank shaft is mounted in suitable bearings I5 and IS in a housing I! mounted at one side of the crank case, bearing I5 being preferably a bronze bushing while the bearing I6 is a ball thrust bearing. This shaft I4 is the driving shaft of the motor and mounted on it at l8 against the flange l8a'by any suitable securing means, such, for example as the lock nut l8b, may be a prop for a model airplane, or it could be connected by any suitable drive to the wheels of a small model automobile, or the screw propeller of a boat. The crank pin on the shaft is indicated at I9, and a connecting rod 20 connects the wrist pin l'2 with this crank l9.

Mounte d in the crank case is a turbine type supercharger 2| provided with a series of curved blades 22, this supercharger being mounted on and secured to the shaft l 4 to rotate with it. This supercharger is enclosed by baffle walls 23 and 24 forming a chamber communicating with the crank case through the opening 25 in the wall 24. This wall 24 is an annular baille wall extending inwardly from the periphery of the turbine supercharger about one-half the length of the vanes 22, as shown by the broken lne in Fig. 2; Extending from the chamber surrounding the turbine supercharger is a fuel discharge passage 26 leading to fuel inlet opening 21 in the cylinder wall controlled by the piston, and on the head of the piston, may be an upwardly extending baiile 28 in front of this opening to deflect the fuel mixture toward the top of the cylinder and also to drive the exhaust gases from the cylinder through the exhaust ports 29. which are also controlled by the piston and are located on the opposite side of the cylinder from the fuel inlet port 21 in the usual arrangement for two-cycle engines. Fuel mixture of air andvaporized gaso line is supplied to the space in the crank case through the inlet ports 30 also controlled by the piston and leading from a suitable carburetor 3| having a fuel jet 32 controlled by an adjustable needle valve 33 in the usual manner by a suitable control means, as the handle 34. Fuel is supplied to the carburetor through conduit 35 leading from a small fuel tank 3'5 mounted on the opposite side of the crank case from the crank shaft l4 and the turbine supercharger 2|. The tan! may be mounted in various ways, but it is pr ferred to provide a sort of cup-shaped bulkhead 31 closing and forming one side of the crank case and shape the fuel tank to seat in the bulkhead, as indicated in Fig. 1, both the bulkhead and tank being secured to the crank case by any suitable means, such as the screw bolts 38. The tank may, of course, have the usual filling spout 39. Ignition means is provided at the top of the cylinder, such, for example, as the spark plug 40 operated from any suitable timing device, indicated diagrammatically at 4 I, preferably mounted on the housing I! and operated from a timing cam 42 mounted on the crank shaft I4. The timer may be mounted for angular adjustment about the haft through the split collar 43 mounted to turn on a suitable bearing on the housing and adapted to be turned to different angular positions by a small handle 44, and clamped in these positions by a clamping bolt ll.

The fuel inlet and exhaust openings or passsages are controlled by the piston in the usual manner of the two-cycle engines. As the crank shaft H with the turbine supercharger rotate, the supercharger draws the fuel mixture of air and gas from the crank case through the opening 25 in bai'ile wall 24 into the blades 22 and throws it outwardly into the space surrounding these blades from which it is carried by the fuel passage 26 to the inlet opening 21, where it is discharged into the cylinder above the piston when the piston is irfits lower position tor uncover this opening. In other words, the blades of the turbine supercharger are arranged to draw the fuel mixture from the crank case and force it through the communicating passage 26 to the cylinder above the piston. The annular baflie wall 24 in front of the turbine supercharger is arranged with its inner edge 25 about midlength of the vanes of the supercharger, as above indicated. The opening 25 through this bame' therefore forms the inlet opening or passage from the space in the crank case to the vanes of the supercharger. This fuel or gas mixture is under pressure from the action of the supercharger, so that a proper charge quickly flows into the upper part of the cylinder for compression by the piston as it moves upwardly, and also forces the burned gases out the exhaust ports 29. This turbine arrangement not only draws in the mixture and forces it into the cylinder above the piston, but through the action of the blades thoroughly stirs up and thoroughly mixes the air and vaporized gas so that it gives a very effective mixture for the cylinder. As there is a positive and uniform feed of the fuel mixture to the cylinder, the motor operates very effectively and keeps on running as long as it is supplied with the proper fuel.

Having thus set forth the nature of my invention, what I claim is:

1. An engine of the character described comprising a cylinder, a crank-case connected therewith, a crank-shaft including a crank in said case, a piston in the cylinder, a connecting rod connecting the piston with the crank, a

4 wall and force it through said passage to the cylinder.

3. An engine of the character described comprising a cylinder, a crank-case connected therewith, a crank-shaft including a crank in said case, a piston in the cylinder, a connecting rod connecting the piston with the crank, means for supplying a fuel mixture to the crank-case, a

I turbine supercharger mounted on the crankfuel mixture inlet leading to the crank-case,

- walls forming a chamber enclosing the supercharger and communicating with the crank case, a connecting passage from the supercharger chamber to the cylinder above the piston, and

the supercharger being arranged to draw the fuel mixture from the crank-case and force it through said passage to the cylinder.

2. An engine of the character described comprising a cylinder, a crank-case connected therewith, a crank-shaft including a crank in said case, a piston in the cylinder, a connecting rod connecting the piston with the crank, means for supplying a fuel mixture to the crank-case, a turbine supercharger mounted on the crankshaft to rotate therewith, a chamber enclosing the supercharger including an annular baiile wall on one side forming an inlet opening leading from the crank-case to said chamber, a passage the piston, and the vanes of the supercharger being arranged to draw the fuel mixture from leading from said chamber to the cylinder above the crank-case through the opening in. in? @1116 shaft to rotate therewith, a chamber in the crank-case enclosing the supercharger and separated from the crank-case by an annular baille wall located at one side of the supercharger and providing a communication from the crank-case to said chamber, a discharge passage leading from said chamber to the cylinder above the piston, and the vanes of the supercharger being arranged to draw the fuel mixture from the crank-case into the chamber through said baille wall and force it through said discharge passage into the cylinder.

4. An engine of the character described comprising a cylinder, a crank-case connected therewith, a crank-shaft including a crank in said case, a piston in the cylinder, a. connecting rod connecting the piston with the crank. means for supplying a fuel mixture to the crank-case, a turbine supercharger mounted on the crankshaft to rotate therewith, walls in the crank-case enclosing the supercharger and including an annular wall at one side of said charger separating it from the crank-case and providing an inlet opening from said crank-case to the supercharger, a discharge assage from the supercharger to the cylinder above the piston, and the vanes of the supercharger being arranged to draw the fuel mixture from the crank-case through said inlet opening and force it through said passage to the cylinder.

5. An engine of the character described comprising a cylinder, a crank-case connected. therewith, a crank-shaft leading from one side of the crank-case and including a crank in said case, a piston in the cylinder, a connecting rod connecting the piston with the crank, a turbine supercharger mounted on the crank-shaft to rotate therewith in the crank-case, a fuel tank mounted on the opposite side of the crank-case from the shaft, a, carburetor, a fuel supply connection from the fuel tank to the carburetor, means for conducting the fuel mixture from the carburetor to the crank-case, walls forming a chamber enclosing the supercharger and an inlet passage from the crank-case to said chamber, a, discharge passage leading from the chamber to the cylinder above the piston, and the supercharger being arranged to draw the fuel mixture from the crankcase and force it through said discharge passage to the cylinder.

6. A two-cycle engine of the character described comprising a cylinder. a piston in the cylinder, a crank-case, a crank-shaft extending from one side of the crank-case. a connecting rod connecting the piston and crank-shaft, a turbine supercharger located in the crank-case and mounted on said shaft to rotate therewith, baflle walls forming a chamber enclosing the supercharger and communicating with the crank-case, means for supplying a fuel mixture to the crankcase, a fuel discharge passage leading from the turbine chamber to the cylinder controlled by the piston, and said supercharger being arranged to draw the fuel mixture from the crank-case and force it through said discharge passage to the cylinder.

7. A two-cycle engine or the character described comprising a cylinder, piston in the cylinder, a crankcase, a housing mounted at one side of the crank-case, a crank-shaft mounted in bearings in said housing, a connecting rod connecting the piston and crank-shaft, a, turbine supercharger mounted on the shaft to rotate therewith, an ignition means in the cylinder, a timer mounted on the housing connected with the ignition means, a cam for operating the timer mounted on the shaft, a fuel tank mounted on the crank-case opposite said housing, a carburetor connected with the tank, means for conducting a fuel mixture from the carburetor to the crank-case, walls forming a chamber enclosing the supercharger and communicating with the crank case, a discharge passage leading from said chamber to the cylinder controlled by the piston, and the vanes of the turbine being arranged to draw the fuel mixture from the crank-case and force it through the discharge passage to the cylinder.

GEORGE H; BROWN. 

